a little more than 1° further north, and to see any real changes in the
shapes of the constellations you need to wait a hundred times longer.
In 400 years, the Sun completes less than a millionth of its orbit
around the center of the Milky Way. That is like walking around the
Place de l’Etoile in Paris and only moving 1.5 mm.
Large numbers are the trademark of astronomy, but if we look at
it in the right perspective, we see that the universe hardly changes in
400 years. The Sun may convert 50 quadrillion tons of hydrogen into
helium in that time, but that is only a trillionth part of its total mass.
And although the Andromeda galaxy has moved more than a trillion
kilometers closer to the Milky Way, that only means that the light it
emits takes a month less to reach us than the two and a half million
years that we are used to.