Building Construction Handbook
NDEX
Access for disabled, 4924
Access to sites, 88
Accommodation on sites, 8990
Active earth pressures, 251, 2634
Adhesives, 556
Admixtures, 272, 356
Aerated concrete floor units, 673
Aggregate samples, 108
Air lock hopper, 230
Air test, 765, 783
Air tightness, infiltration and permeability,
477, 480, 4834, 491, 559
Alternating tread stair, 692
Aluminium alloy infill panels, 598
Aluminium alloy windows, 382, 384
Anchor bars, 500
Anchor straps, 462, 660
Anchorages, 270, 5279, 531, 588
Angle Piling, 300
Angledozers, 171
Angles:
structural steel, 5323
surveying, 131
Angles of repose, 250, 2634, 279, 281
Annexed buildings, 3301
Anti-shear studs, 499
Apex hinges, 551
Approved Documents, 535
Approved inspector, 53, 568
Apron cladding panels, 608
Apron flashing, 8067
Arches, 35861
Asphalt tanking, 2745
Asymmetric beam, 677
Attached piers, 3256, 32930
Augers, 78, 2324
Automatic level, 129
Axial grid, 48
Axonometric projection, 24
Backacter/hoe, 33, 170, 177, 179, 268
Backgutter, 806
Backshore, 155
Balanced flue, 799
Balloon frame, 404
Balusters, 685, 68891, 6945, 698, 704,
706, 708
Balustrade, 13, 6989, 704, 7068
Bar chart, 34, 88
Bargeboard, 565
Barrel vaults, 9, 5802
Basement excavation, 2658
Basement insulation, 277
Basement waterproofing, 2726
Basements, 54, 26577
Basic forms and types of structure, 510
Basic formwork, 51420
Basic module grid, 47
Basic roof forms, 41719
Basins, 778
Batch mixers, 199200
Baths, 779
Bay window, 376
Beam and block floor, 6501, 674
Beam and pot floor, 674
Beam and slab raft, 226
Beam formwork, 51517
Beam to column connection, 524, 5378
Beam design:
concrete, 5013
steel, 5446
timber, 6636
Beams, 500, 5334, 5534, 5579, 666,
6767
Bearing piles, 228
Beech, 738
Belfast truss, 5735
Benchmark, 71, 125, 12730
Bending moment, 544, 549, 664
Bentonite, 231, 30910
Bib tap, 774
Binder, 730
Binders/binding reinforcement, 226, 500,
5046
Binders/binding shoring, 155, 267
Birdcage scaffold, 148
Block bonding, 621
Block plan, 27, 42
Block walls, 6215
Blockboard, 739
Bloom base, 225, 539
Boarded web girder, 557
Bolection moulding, 736
Bolt box, 522, 537, 539
813Index
Bolted connections, 5378, 541
Bolts types, 541
Bonding, bricks, 3239
Bonnet tiles, 431, 437
Boot lintels, 362
Bore hole, 72, 80
Borrowed light, 634
Bottom shore, 155
Bowstring truss, 573, 575
Box beam, 557
Box caisson, 292
Box pile foundation, 236, 240
Braced structures, 561
Breather membrane, 40910, 415, 430,
4346
Bressummer beam, 666
Brick:
corbel, 3356, 805, 807
dentil, 336
dog-tooth, 336
infill panels, 597
internal walls, 621
jointing and pointing, 332
panel walls, 594
plinths, 3345
purpose made, 334
retaining walls, 2489, 2523, 2589
specials, 3334
strength, 3534
testing, 106
underpinning, 2956
Brick bonding:
attached piers, 3256, 329
English bond, 323, 325, 761
Flemish bond, 326
principles, 324
quetta bond, 2589
special bonds, 258, 3234, 3278
stack bond, 328
stretcher bond, 324
zipper bond, 323
Brickwork cladding support, 595
Bridging of dpc’s, 349
British Standards, 63
Brown field, 318
Buckling factor, 507
Builders plant, 168204
Building control, 568
Building Regulations, 5361
Building Regulations:
application, 61
applied, 54
approval, 57
Approved Documents, 54
building notice, 56, 59
competent persons, 57
814
compliance, 58
control, 56
exemptions, 60
full plans, 56, 59, 61
regularisation, 59
validation, 59
Building Research Establishment, 66
Building surveyor, 2832
Built environment, 24
Built-up roofing felt, 44851
Bulk density of soil, 86
Bulking of sand, 107
Bulldozer, 171
Busbar, 7901
Butt weld, 540
Cab crane control, 194
Cable sizing, 794
Caissons, 2923
Calculated brickwork, 3535
Calculation of storage space, 102
Camber arch, 359
Cantilever:
beam, 5, 500
foundations, 227
retaining wall, 254
scaffold, 150
stairs, 697, 703
structures, 560
Capita Group, 479
Cap tendons, 528
Carbon emissions, 32, 4813
Carbon index, 481
Cartridge fuse, 794
Cased pile foundation, 241
Casein adhesive, 556
Casement windows:
ironmongery, 371
metal, 370, 384
timber, 3689
Castellated beam, 535
Cast-in wall ties, 597
Cast insitu diaphragm walls, 270, 309
Cast insitu pile foundation, 244
Cast-on finishes, 615
Cavity barrier/closer, 350, 405, 434, 479,
48990, 606, 6278
Cavity fire stop, 6278
Cavity tray, 222, 3601
Cavity walls, 33843, 4867
Cedar, 737
Ceilings:
plasterboard, 642, 725, 727
suspended, 7269
Cellular basement, 269
Cement, 2845, 354, 3567Index
Cement grouts, 311
Central heating, 7847
Centres, 359, 361
Certificates of ownership, 42, 46
Channel floor units, 674
Channels structural steel, 5323
Checked rebates in walls, 365
Chemical dpc, 3478
Chemical grouts, 311
Cheshire auger, 78
Chezy formula, 766
Chimney pot, 22, 805, 809
Chimneys, 801, 8047
Chipboard, 653, 740
Circular bay window, 376
Circular column, 504
CI/SfB system, 68
Cisterns, 76972, 775, 780, 7846
Cladding panels, 5956, 61013
Clamp vibrator, 203
Classification of piled foundations, 2289
Clay cutter, 230
Clear glass, 379
Client, 50
Climbing cranes, 193, 197
Climbing formwork, 256
Closed couple roof, 422
Code for Sustainable Homes, 62
Codes of Practice, 63
Cofferdams, 2901
Coil wall ties, 255, 51920
Cold bridging, 350, 384, 4889, 651
Cold deck/roof, 448, 4501
Cold water installations, 76770
Collar roof, 422, 436
Column design, 5067, 548
Column formwork, 51718
Column to column connection, 523, 538
Column underpinning, 301
Columns, 504, 5334, 5379
Combined column foundation, 225
Combined method, 475
Combined pad foundation, 214
Combined system, 759
Combustion air, 808
Communicating information:
bar chart, 34, 88
elevations, 23, 26
floor plans, 21, 23, 26, 41
isometric projection, 24
orthographic projection, 23
perspective projection, 25
sketches, 22
Compartment floor, 18, 513
Compartment wall, 18, 513, 627
Competent persons, 57
Complete excavation, 267
Completion certificate, 31
Composite beams and joists, 5579
Composite boarding, 73940
Composite floors, 499, 674
Composite lintels, 362
Composite panel, 598
Composite piled foundation, 2412
Compound sections, 534, 676
Compressed strawboard, 739
Compressible joints, 594, 61012, 624,
7012
Concrete:
admixtures, 272
beam design, 5013
claddings, 60713
column design, 5067
floor screed, 6567
mixers, 199200
placing, 2023
production, 2849
pumps, 202
slab design, 5013
stairs, 696704
surface defects, 616
surface finishes, 61415
test cubes, 109
testing, 11012
Concrete production:
designated mix, 288
designed mix, 288
materials, 284
prescribed mix, 288
site storage, 90, 285
specification, 288
standard mix, 288
supply, 289
volume batching, 286
weight (weigh) batching, 287
Concreting, 198
Concreting plant, 199204
Conductivity, 4701
Conduit and fittings, 7923
Conoid roof, 9, 582
Consolidation of soil, 87
Construction activities, 19, 34
Construction, Design and Management
Regs., 4950
Construction joints, 135, 273, 624, 654
Construction Products Directive, 65
Construction Regulations, 4950
Consumer control unit, 78891, 7956
Contaminated subsoil, 31819
Contiguous piling, 308
Continuous column foundations, 224
Contraction joints, 135, 624
815Index
Controlling dimensions, 48
Controlling grid and lines, 478
Cooker circuit cable, 794
Coping stones, 248, 2523, 341
Corbelled brickwork, 3356, 805, 807
Core drilling, 79
Core structures, 561
Cored floor units, 674
CORGI, 479
Cor-ply beam, 557
Cornice, 736
Corrugated sheet, 5648
Coulomb’s line, 86
Coulomb’s wedge theory, 264
Counter batten, 415, 430, 4356
Couple roof, 422
Cove mouldings, 641, 725
Cover flashing, 806
CPI System of Coding, 67
Cracking in walls, 2078, 211
Cradles, 149
Crane operation, 194
Crane rail track, 196
Crane skips, 198, 201
Cranes, 18697
Cranked slab stairs, 696, 702
Crawler crane, 190
Crib retaining wall, 260
Crosswall construction, 4003
Crown hinges, 551
Curtain walling, 6036
Curved laminated timber, 555
Curved tendons, 528
Cut and fill, 70, 278
Cylinders hot water, 776
Dado panel and rail, 736
Damp proof course, 34450
Damp proof course materials, 3456
Damp proof membrane, 344, 351, 6478,
657
Datum, 12530
Datum post, 125, 128
Dead loads, 356, 159, 218
Dead shoring, 1534, 15960
Death Watch beetle, 463
Decorative suspended ceiling, 729
Decorative roof/wall tiles, 413
Deep basements, 2701
Deep strip foundation, 213, 224
Defects in painting, 733
Deflection, 496, 546, 557, 665
Demolition, 1626
Demountable partitions, 6345
Dense monolithic concrete, 272
Dentil course, 336
816
Density of materials, 36, 4701
Designer, 50
Desk study, 72
Dewatering, 3026
Diaphragm floatvalve, 774
Diaphragm walls, 2701, 30910, 343
Diesel hammers, 246
Dimensional coordination, 478
Dimensional grids, 478
Direct cold water system, 769
Direct hot water system, 771
Displacement pile foundation, 228, 23644
Disturbed soil sample, 734, 77
Documents for construction, 20
Dog leg stair, 6934
Dog toothed brickwork, 336
Domelights, 593
Domes, 9, 5789
Domestic drainage, 74666
Domestic electrical installations, 78896
Domestic floor finishes, 6523
Domestic ground floors, 64751
Domestic heating systems, 7847
Doors:
external, 3914
fire, 71923
frames, 394, 71722
glazed double swing, 724
industrial, 3969
internal, 391, 71524
ironmongery, 395
linings, 715, 717
performance, 391
sliding, 3968
types, 3923
Door set, 71819
Dormer window, 419, 4568
Double acting hammers, 246
Double action floor spring, 724
Double flying shore, 157
Double glazing, 369, 375, 3815
Double hung sash windows, 367, 3723
Double lap roof tiling, 4304, 4378
Double lap wall tiling, 41014
Double layer grids, 578
Double rafter roof, 423
Double swing doors, 724
Douglas fir, 737
Dovetail anchor slots, 594, 597
Draft for Development, 63
Draglines, 178
Drainage:
effluent, 746
gradient, 7634, 766
paved areas, 751
pipe sizes, 766Index
proportional depth, 766
rainwater, 7546
roads, 7523
roofs, 750
simple, 75764
systems, 75760
testing, 765
Drained cavities, 276
Draught proofing, 491
Drawings:
axonometric projection, 24
construction process, 21
hatchings, symbols and notation, 3841
isometric projection, 24
orthographic projection, 23
perspective projection, 25
plans and elevations, 26
sketches, 22
Drier, 730
Drilling rigs, 2303
Driven insitu piled foundations, 243
Drop arch, 359
Drop hammer, 230, 238, 2413, 245
Dry linings, 63941
Dry rot, 1212
Dumpers, 181, 201
Dumpling, 266
Dynamic compaction, 313, 316
Earth pressures, 251, 2634
Earthworks for roads, 1323
Eaves:
closure piece, 5656
details, 4335, 4401, 446, 448, 451,
485
filler piece, 5656
gutter, 433, 4401, 485, 568, 750, 754
ventilation, 4334, 4401, 448, 451,
45961
Effective height of walls, 355
Effective length of columns, 507, 548
Effective thickness of walls, 353, 355
Effluents, 746
Electrical cables, 794
Electrical installations, 7926
Electrical site lighting, 946
Electricity:
domestic supply, 78891
supply to sites, 97
Elevations, 23, 26
End bearing pile foundation, 228
Energy efficiency, 32, 4778, 4834
Energy performance certificate, 32
Energy rating, 32, 477, 4801
Energy roof system, 567
English bond, 323, 325, 761
Environment, 24
Equivalent area, 5067
Espagnolette, 375
European spruce, 737
European Standards, 64
Excavating machines, 1759, 268
Excavations:
basement, 2658
dewatering, 303, 306
oversite, 278
pier holes, 279
reduced level, 278
setting out, 1256
trench, 279
temporary support, 2813
Expansion joint, 135, 273, 581, 5945, 610,
61213, 624, 652
Exposed aggregate, 61415
External asphalt tanking, 274
External doors, 3914
External envelope, 17, 322
External escape stairs, 705
Eyebrow dormer window, 458
Facade bracing, 140
Face grid, 48
Face shovel, 176, 268
Facings to panel walls, 596
Factories Acts, 49
Fencing, 8993, 100, 123
FENSA, 57
Festoon lighting, 96
Fibreboard, 740
Field study, 72
Fillet weld, 53740, 676
Finger joint, 553
Finishes, 14, 61415, 6368, 6523,
7203
Fin wall, 342
Fire back, 803, 808
Fire doors, 71923
Fire doorsets and assemblies, 719
Fire protection of masonry walls, 626
Fire protection of steelwork, 5423, 633
Fire protection of timber floors, 667
Fire resistance, 350, 5423, 626, 633, 667,
720
Fire resistance of steelwork, 542
Fire resistance/insulation, 667, 720
Fire resistance/integrity, 350, 667, 720
Fire resisting doors, 722
Fire stops and seals, 6278, 810
Fireplaces and flues, 8009
Fish plates, 538
Fixed portal frame, 54950, 552
Flashings, 341, 438, 449, 451, 8067
817Index
Flat roofs, 417, 44756, 461, 466
Flat sawn timber, 554
Flat slabs, 4968, 668
Flat top girder, 569, 572
Flemish bond, 326
Flexible paving, 133
Flight auger, 78, 234
Flitch beam, 557
Float valves, 7745
Floating floor, 651, 6834
Floating pile foundation, 228
Floor plans, 26, 41
Floor springs, 724
Floors:
domestic ground, 64751
finishes, 6523
fixings, 672
flat slab, 4968, 668
hollow pot, 6712
insitu RC suspended, 4968, 668
large cast insitu, 6545
loads, 37
precast concrete, 6735
ribbed, 66970
screeds, 6478, 6567
sound insulation, 67980, 6834
suspended concrete ground, 352, 6501
suspended timber ground, 547, 549
suspended timber upper, 65863, 667
waffle, 66970
Flue blocks, 800, 809
Flue lining, 8001, 803, 8056, 808
Flush bored pile foundation, 229, 231
Fly jib, 18990
Flying shore, 153, 1568
Folded plate construction, 8, 587
Footpaths, 136
Forklift truck, 182
Formwork:
beams, 51517
columns, 51718
principles, 514
slab, 498
stairs, 700
walls, 51920
Foundation hinges, 551
Foundations:
basic sizing, 216
beds, 215
calculated sizing, 218
defects, 2079
design procedure, 21618, 223
functions, 205
grillage, 225
isolated pad, 225
piled, 221, 23047
818
raft, 2223
short bored piled, 221, 22830
simple reinforced, 220
stepped, 219
strip width guide, 217
subsoil movement, 20710
types, 2237
Four-in-one bucket, 174
Four wheeled grader, 173
Framed structures, 500, 504, 5214, 5379,
560
Freyssinet anchorage, 529
Friction hinge, 375
Friction piling, 228
Frieze, 736
Frodingham box pile, 240
Frodingham sheet pile, 291
Full height casting, 255
Fungicide, 122
Furniture beetle, 463
Gabion wall, 262
Gable end roof, 41820
Gambrel roof, 419, 427
Gantry crane, 191
Gantry girder, 534
Gantry scaffolding, 152
Garage, 3301
Garden wall bonds, 327
Gas:
fires, 799
flues, 799800, 809
service intake, 7978
supply, 7978
Gas resistant membranes, 3512, 651
Gas Safe Register, 57, 479
Gate valve, 7745
Gauge box, 286
Geodistic dome, 578
Girders, 534, 569, 5712
Glass and glazing, 37988
Glass block wall, 38990
Glass manifestation, 388
Glazed cladding, 6012
Gluelam, 5536
Grab bucket, 178
Graders, 173
Granular soil shell, 230
Green field, 318, 351
Green roof, 4656
Grillage foundation, 225
Groins, 582
Ground anchors, 270, 310, 531, 588
Ground freezing, 312
Ground vibration, 31315
Ground water, 70, 72, 80, 302Index
Ground water control, 30312
Grouting-subsoil, 311
Grouting-tiles, 646
Guard rail, 1413, 145, 147, 1501
Gusset base, 539
Gusset plate, 552, 563, 566
Half hour fire door, 720
Hammer head junction, 132
Hand auger, 78
Hand auger holes, 73
Handrail, 6856, 688, 690, 6935, 6989,
7046, 708, 71011
Hardwoods, 738
Half space landing, 6934
Health and Safety at Work, etc. Act, 49, 51
Hearths, 8013, 808
Helical binding, 5045
Helical stairs, 698
Helmets, 238, 242
Hemispherical dome, 579
Herringbone strutting, 659
HETAS, 479
High performance window, 369
Highway dumpers, 181
Hinge or pin joints, 5489, 551
Hipped roof, 41821
Hip tiles, 431, 437
Home Information Pack, 32
Hoardings, 8993
Hoists, 1834
Holding down bolts, 522, 537, 539, 5512
Hollow box floor units, 673
Hollow pot floor, 6712
Hollow steel sections, 5323
Horizontal shore, 1567
Horizontal sliding sash window, 374
Hot water:
cylinders, 76973, 776
direct system, 771
expansion vessel, 772
heating systems, 7847
indirect system, 772
mains fed, 773
House Longhorn beetle, 463
Hull core structures, 561
Hyperbolic paraboloid roof, 9, 5835, 588
Immersion heater cable, 794
Imposed floor load, 37
Inclined slab stair, 696, 699
Independent scaffold, 124
Indirect cold water system, 770
Indirect cylinder, 7723, 776
Indirect hot water system, 772
Industrial doors, 3969
Infill panel walls, 5969
Inspection chambers, 746, 752, 757639
Insulating dpc, 350, 489
Insulation of basements, 277
Insulation fire, 720
Insulation sound, 67984
Insulation thermal, 46791
Integrity fire, 720, 722
Interest on capital outlay costing, 169
Internal asphalt tanking, 275
Internal doors, 391, 71623
Internal drop hammer, 230, 241, 243
Internal elements, 618
Internal environment, 2
Internal partitions, 62935
Internal walls:
block, 6229, 6801
brick, 621, 6269, 6801
functions, 619
plaster finish, 6368
plasterboard lining, 6324, 63944
types, 620
International Standards, 64
Intumescent collar, 810
Intumescent strips/seals, 7203
Inverted warm deck, 450
Iroko, 738
Ironmongery, 371, 375, 395, 719
Isolated foundations, 214, 225
Isometric projection, 24
Jack pile underpinning, 297
Jambs, 344, 350, 363, 365, 4889, 491
Jarrah, 738
Jet grouting, 311, 313, 317
Jetted sumps, 304
Jetted well points, 3056
Joinery production, 7348
Joinery timbers, 7378
Jointing and pointing, 332
Jointless suspended ceiling, 727
Joints:
basements, 273
blockwork, 6213
cladding, 61013
drainage, 764
laminated timber, 553
portal frame, 54952
roads, 135
Joists:
timber, 559, 649, 65867
steel, 5334
Joist sizing timber, 658, 6635
Joist sizing steel, 5446
819Index
Kerbs, 137
Kelly bar, 2314
Kentledge, 149, 247, 301
Kitemark, 63
Laboratory analysis of soils, 72, 812,
857
Ladders, 1412, 145
Laminated timber, 5536
Land caissons, 292
Land reclamation, 318
Landings, 693706
Lantern lights, 592
Large diameter piled foundations, 229, 233
Larssen sheet piling, 291
Latent defects, 28
Lateral restraint, 462, 65861
Lateral support basements, 271
Lateral support walls, 425, 462, 658,
6612
Lattice beam, 426, 536, 557, 569, 5712
Lattice girder, 536
Lattice jib crane, 189
Lattice truss, 426, 559, 56975
Leader piling rig, 238
Lean-to roof, 418, 422, 461
Lens light, 592
Levelling, 12931
Lift casting, 256
Lighting:
cable, 794
circuits, 794, 796
sites, 946
Lightweight decking, 577
Lightweight infill panels, 596, 5989
Limiting U values, 478, 4834
Lintels, 358, 362, 365, 621, 625
Litzka beam, 535
Load-bearing concrete panels, 607
Load-bearing partitions, 618, 6202, 629
Local authority building control, 578
Locating services, 124
Loft hatch, 491
Long span roofs, 56978
Loop ties, 257
Lorries, 180
Lorry mounted cranes, 1889
Loss Prevention Certification Board, 66
Low emissivity glass, 383, 3856
Luffing jib, 192
Lyctus Powder Post beetle, 463
Maguire’s rule, 766
Mahogany, 738
Main beams, 7, 16, 538
820
Mandrel, 242
Manifestation of glass, 388
Manometer, 765, 783
Mansard roof, 419, 427
Masonry cement, 356
Masonry partitions, 629
Mass concrete retaining wall, 253
Mass retaining walls, 2523
Mast cranes, 192
Mastic asphalt tanking, 2745
Mastic asphalt to flat roofs, 451
Mastic sealant, 742
Materials:
conductivity, 4701
density, 36, 4701
hoist, 183
storage, 8991, 1005, 2845
testing, 10619
weights, 356
Mathematical tiles, 415
Mattress retaining wall, 262
MD Insurance, 28, 58
Mechanical auger, 78
Meeting rails, 3723
Meeting stiles, 374, 724
Metal casement windows, 370
Metal section decking, 499, 677
Metal stairs, 7057
Meter box, 78890, 7978
Methane, 351
Method statement, 33
Micro-bore heating, 786
Middle shore, 155
Middle third rule, 249
Mineral insulating cable, 792
Miniature circuit breaker, 7901
Mixing concrete, 198200, 2868
Mobile cranes, 18690
Mobile scaffold, 145
Modular coordination, 478
Modular ratio, 506
Mohr’s circle, 86
Moment of resistance, 160, 544
Monitor roof, 569, 571
Monogroup cable, 526
Monolithic caissons, 292
Monopitch roof, 418, 461
Monostrand anchorage, 529
Monostrand cable, 526
Mortar mixes and strength, 354, 3567
Morticing machine, 734
Movement joint, 135, 581, 595, 61013,
624, 701
Mud-rotary drilling, 79
Multi-purpose excavators, 175, 179
Multi-span portal frames, 550, 552Index
Multi-stage wellpoints, 306
Multi-storey structures, 5601
National Building Specification, 67
Needle and pile underpinning, 298
Needle design, 15960
Needles, 15360
Newel post, 685, 688, 6901, 6935,
71011
NHBC, 28, 58
Non-load-bearing partitions, 618, 620,
62934
Non-residential buildings, 3301
Northlight barrel vault, 582
Northlight roofs, 56970
Oak, 738
Oedometer, 87
OFTEC, 479
Oil based paint, 730
One hour fire door, 721
One pipe heating, 784
Open caissons, 292
Open excavations, 265
Open fireplaces, 8019
Open newel stairs, 693
Open riser stairs, 6902, 695, 703
Open suspended ceiling, 729
Open web beam, 535
Openings in walls:
arches, 35861
heads, 362, 365
jambs, 363, 365
sills, 3645
support, 358
threshold, 365, 492
Oriel window, 376
Oriented strand board, 740
Orthographic projection, 23
Out-of-service crane condition, 193
Output and cycle times, 170
Overcladding, 596, 600
Overhead and forklift trucks, 182
Pad foundation, 214, 225, 504, 537, 550,
552
Pad foundation design, 216
Pad template, 127
Paint defects, 733
Paints and painting, 7303
Panelled suspended ceiling, 7278
Parallel lay cable, 526
Parallel strand beam, 558
Parana pine, 737
Parapet wall, 341
Partially preformed pile, 242
Particle board, 653, 740
Partitions:
demountable, 629, 6345
load-bearing, 618, 6202, 629
metal stud, 6323
non-load-bearing, 618, 620, 62935
timber stud, 62931
Party wall, 6278
Passenger hoist, 184
Passenger vehicles, 180
Passive earth pressures, 251
Patent glazing, 5701, 5901
Patent scaffolding, 147
Paved areas drainage, 751
Paving, 1328
Paving flags, 138
Pedestal floor, 678
Peg tile, 432
Pendentive dome, 9, 579
Penetration test, 83, 111
Percussion bored piling, 22930
Perforated beam, 535
Performance requirements:
doors, 391
roofs, 416
windows, 366
Perimeter trench excavation, 266
Permanent exclusion of water, 302, 30711
Permanent formwork, 499, 677
Permitted development, 42
Perspective drawing, 25
Phenol formaldehyde, 556, 741
Pigment, 730
Pile:
angle, 300
beams, 247
caps, 232, 247
classification, 228
root, 300
testing, 247
types, 229, 236
Piled basements, 269
Piled foundations, 22847
Piling:
contiguous, 308
hammers, 2456
helmets, 238, 242
rigs, 238, 2412
secant, 308
steel sheet, 2901
Pillar tap, 774
Pin or hinge joint, 5489, 551
Pitch pine, 737
Pitched roofs domestic, 416, 41846
Pitched roofs industrial, 56270
821Index
Pitched trusses, 4245, 5623, 56970
Pivot window, 367, 375
Placing concrete, 198
Plain tiles and tiling, 41014, 4304,
4378
Planer, 734
Plank and pot floor, 674
Planning application, 426
Planning grid, 47
Plant:
bulldozer, 171
concreting, 198204
considerations, 89, 168
costing, 169
cranes, 18697
dumpers, 181, 201, 280
excavators, 1759, 280
forklift trucks, 182
graders, 173
hoists, 1834
scrapers, 172
skimmers, 175
tractor shovel, 174
transport vehicles, 1801
Plaster cove, 641, 725
Plaster finish, 6378, 642
Plasterboard, 470, 63944
Plasterboard ceiling, 433, 4401, 476, 485,
6834, 725
Plasterboard dry lining, 63941, 6434
Plasters, 636
Plasticiser, 356
Platform floor, 684
Platform frame, 404
Plinths, 3345
Plug wiring, 794
Plywood, 739
Pneumatic caisson, 293
Poker vibrator, 203
Poling boards, 2823
Polyurethane paint, 730
Portal frames, 54952, 555
Portsmouth float valve, 774
Post-tensioned retaining wall, 259
Post-tensioning, 259, 5289
Power circuit, 7941
Power float, 204, 6545
Precast concrete:
diaphragm wall, 310
floors, 6501, 6737
frames, 5214
portal frames, 5501
stairs, 7014
Preformed concrete pile, 2389
Preservative treatment, 122, 4634, 556
Pressed steel lintels, 362, 365
822
Pressure bulbs, 756
Prestressed concrete, 270, 362, 52531
Pretensioning, 527
Primary elements, 12
Primatic cylinder, 776
Principal contractor, 50
Private sector building control, 57
Profile boards, 1267
Profiled surface, 138, 493, 614
Program of work, 34
Programmer/controller, 787
Project co-ordinator, 50
Prop design, 1601, 631
Proportional area method, 474, 476
Propped structures, 5, 560
Protection orders, 123
Public and general use stairs, 709
Public utility services, 124
Published Document, 63
Pump sizing, 303
Purlin fixings, 5658, 570
Purlin roof, 421, 423
Purpose designed excavators, 175
Purpose made joinery, 7356
Putlog scaffold, 141
Putty, 380
Pynford stool underpinning, 299
Quarter sawn timber, 554
Quarter space landing, 693
Quetta bond, 2589
Radiators, 7847
Radius of gyration, 547
Radon, 351
Raft basements, 269
Raft foundations, 2223, 226
Rail tracks for cranes, 196
Rainscreen cladding, 596, 600
Rainwater drainage, 74951, 7546
Raised access floor, 678
Raking shore, 153, 155, 158
Raking struts, 1567, 267
Rankine’s formula, 263
Rat trap bond, 327
Ready mixed concrete, 289
Ready mixed concrete truck, 201, 289
Ready mixed mortar, 357
Redwood, 737
Reinforced concrete:
beams, 5002
column design, 5067
columns, 5047
floors, 499, 66872
formwork, 498, 51418, 700Index
foundations, 2202, 2246
lintels, 362
pile caps and beams, 232, 247
raft foundation, 222, 226
reinforcement, 497513
retaining walls, 254
slabs, 4969, 5013
stairs, 696700
strip foundations, 220, 224
Reinforced masonry, 2589, 328, 625
Reinforcement:
bar coding and schedules, 5089
concrete cover, 51213
grip length, 501, 503
materials, 51011
spacers, 512
spacing, 505
types of bar, 510
types of mesh, 511
Remedial dpc, 3478
Remote crane control, 194
Rendering, 4089
Rendhex box pile, 240
Replacement piling, 22834
Residual current device, 791
Resin grout, 311
Resorcinol formaldehyde, 556, 739
Restraint straps, 462, 65861
Retaining walls, 24864
Retaining walls design, 2634
Retro-ties and studs, 661
Reversing drum mixer, 200
Ribbed floor, 66970, 684
Rider, 155
Ridge detail, 4334, 4401, 446, 566, 568,
570
Ridge piece, 5656, 568, 570
Ridge roll, 446
Ridge tiles, 4334, 437, 4401
Ridge ventilation, 434, 45961
Rigid pavings, 1345
Rigid portal frames, 54950, 552
Ring final circuit wiring, 795
Rising damp, 3469
Roads:
construction, 1325
drainage, 7523
earthworks, 133
edgings, 1367
footpaths, 136
forms, 134
gullies, 7513
joints, 135
kerbs, 137
landscaping, 139
pavings, 138
services, 139
setting out, 132
signs, 139
Robust Details Ltd., 58
Rolled steel joist, 533
Roll over crane skip, 198
Roller shutters, 396, 399
Roofs and roof covering:
basic forms, 41719
built-up felt, 4489, 4501
flat top girder, 569, 572
garden/garden, 4656
lead sheet, 4526
long span, 56975
mastic asphalt, 451
monitor, 569, 571
northlight, 56970
performance, 416
purlin, 421, 423
sheet coverings, 5648
shells, 57986
slating, 4415
space deck, 577
space frame, 578
sprocket eaves, 429
surface water removal, 746, 74960
thatching, 446
thermal insulation, 4336, 4401,
44851, 45961, 466, 476, 4789,
4845, 5658, 570
tiling, 4304, 43740
timber flat, 417, 44856
timber pitched, 41829
trussed rafter, 425
trusses, 424, 563, 56970
underlay, 430, 4338, 4401, 4445,
4534
valley, 428
ventilation, 45961
Rooflights, 419, 569, 571, 5913
Room sealed appliance, 799
Root pile, 300
Rotary bored piling, 229, 2324
Rotational dome, 9, 579
Rubble chutes and skips, 185
Runners, 283
Saddle vault, 583
Safe bearing, 21618, 666
Safety signs, 512, 139
Sampling shells, 78
Sand bulking test, 107
Sand compaction, 315
Sand pugging, 684
Sanitary fittings:
basin, 778
823Index
Sanitary fittings (continued)
bath, 779
discharge systems, 7812
shower, 779
sink, 778
wc pan, 780
Sanitation systems, 7813
Sanitation system testing, 783
Sapele, 738
Sarking felt, 430
Sash weights, 372
Saws, 734
Scaffolding:
birdcage, 148
boards, 1413
cantilever, 150
component parts, 140, 146
fittings, 146
gantry, 152
independent, 142
ladders, 1412, 145
mobile, 145
patent, 147
putlog, 141
slung, 148
suspended, 149
truss-out, 151
tying-in, 144
working platform, 143
Scarf joint, 553
Scrapers, 172
Screed, 6478, 6578
Sealants, 7424
Secant piling, 308
Secondary beams, 7, 16, 538
Secondary elements, 13
Secondary glazing, 382
Section factor, 543
Section/elastic modulus, 160, 544
SEDBUK, 478
Segmental arch, 359
Self propelled crane, 187
Self supporting static crane, 1934
Separate system, 758, 760
Separating wall, 18, 627
Services fire stops and seals, 810
Setting out:
angles, 127, 131
bases, 127
basic outline, 125
drainage, 764
grids, 127
levelling, 12930
reduced levels, 128
roads, 132
theodolite, 127, 131
824
trenches, 126
Shear, 499500, 545, 666
Shear bars, 500
Shear box, 87
Shear leg rig, 789, 230
Shear plate connector, 576
Shear strength of soils, 857
Shear strength of timber, 666
Shear wall structures, 561
Sheathed cables, 792
Sheet coverings, 5648
Shell roofs, 57986
Shoring, 15360
Short bored pile foundation, 221
Shower, 779
Shutters, 399
Sight rails, 1278, 132, 764
Sills, 3645, 36870, 3726, 384, 386
Silt test for sand, 108
Simple drainage:
bedding, 764
inspection chambers, 75763
jointing, 764
roads, 7523
setting out, 764
systems, 75760
Simply supported RC slabs, 4968
Single acting hammer, 245
Single barrel vault, 580
Single flying shore, 153, 156
Single lap tiles and tiling, 43940
Single span portal frames, 54952, 555
Single stack drainage, 781
Sink, 778
Site:
construction activities, 19
electrical supply, 97
health and welfare, 99
investigations, 712, 74, 313
layout, 8890
lighting, 946
materials testing, 10619
offices, 8990, 98, 103
plan, 21, 27, 42
preparation, 31819
security, 89, 91
setting out, 12532
soil investigations, 729
storage, 1005, 2845
survey, 70, 72, 318
Sitka spruce, 737
Six wheeled grader, 173
Sixty minute fire door, 721
Sketches, 22
Skimmer, 175
Skips, 185Index
Slab base, 539
Slates and slating, 4415
Slenderness ratio, 1601, 355, 547
Sliding doors, 3968
Sliding sash windows, 3724
Slump test, 109
Slung scaffold, 148
Small diameter piled foundation, 221,
22932
Smoke seal, 722
Smoke test, 783
Snow loading, 218, 544
Soakaway, 756
Soakers, 41112, 438, 444, 806
Socket outlets, 7945
Softwoods, 737
Soil:
assessment, 817
classification, 813, 217
investigation, 709, 313
nailing, 261
particle size, 81
samples, 73
stabilization and improvement, 31317
testing, 817
washing, 319
Solid block walls, 337, 622, 6246, 6802
Solid brick walls, 32331, 6267
Solid slab raft, 226
Solvent, 730
Sound insulating:
floors, 680, 6834
walls, 6802
Sound insulation, 67984
Sound reduction, 381, 679
Space deck, 10, 577
Space frame, 10, 578
Spindle moulder, 734
Spine beam stairs, 703
Spiral stair, 695, 698, 704, 706, 71314
Splice joint, 552
Splicing collar, 2389
Split barrel sampler, 83
Split load consumer unit, 791
Split ring connector, 576
Spruce, 737
Stack bond, 328
Stairs:
alternating tread, 692
balusters, 685, 68891, 6945, 698, 704,
706, 708
balustrade, 13, 6989, 704, 7068
formwork, 700
handrail, 6856, 688, 690, 6935,
6989, 7046, 708, 71011
insitu RC, 696700
metal, 7057
open riser, 6902, 695, 703
precast concrete, 7014
public, 709
timber, 68595
Standard Assessment Procedure, 32, 477,
481
Standard dumper, 181, 201
Standing crane skip, 198
Star rating, 62
Steel:
beam, 5335, 538, 6767
beam design, 5446
bolt connections, 541
cold rolled sections, 532
column, 5334
column design, 547
compound sections, 534, 676
fire protection, 5423
frame construction, 4067
gantry girder, 534
grillage, 225
hot rolled sections, 533
lattice beams, 536
portal frames, 552
roof trusses, 5623, 566, 56971
screw pile, 240
sheet piling, 2901
standard sections, 5323
string stairs, 707
tube pile, 241
web lattice joist, 559
welding, 53940
Stepped barrel vault, 582
Stepped flashing, 438, 807
Stepped foundation, 219
Stock holding policy, 103
Stop valve, 76770, 774
Storage of materials, 90, 1005,
2845
Storey height cladding, 613
Straight flight stairs, 68592, 701
Straight line costing, 169
Straight mast forklift truck, 182
Strand, 526
Strawboard, 739
Stress reduction in walls, 355
Stretcher bond, 258, 324
String beam stair, 697
Strip foundations, 213, 21619
Stripboard, 739
Structural glazing, 6012
Structural grid, 47
Structure:
basic forms, 710
basic types, 56
825Index
Structure (continued)
functions, 1516
protection orders, 123
Strut design, 161, 631
Strutting of floors, 659
Stud partitions, 62933
Subsoil:
drainage, 7478, 752
movements, 20711
water, 70, 72, 80, 302
Substructure, 11
Sump pumping, 303
Supply and storage of concrete, 198
Supported static tower crane, 193, 195
Surcharging of soil, 313
Surface water, 302, 746, 74953
Surface water removal, 74951
Survey:
defects, 2832, 211
desk, 72
field, 72
site, 702, 74, 313, 318
structure, 2832
thermographic, 484
walk-over, 72
Suspended ceilings, 7269
Suspended scaffold, 149
Suspended structures, 560
Suspended timber ground floors, 647, 649
Suspended timber upper floors, 65863, 667
Sustainability, 62
Sustainable demolition, 166
Swivel skip dumper, 181
Tactile pavings, 138
Tamping board vibrator, 203
Tapered treads, 695, 698, 704, 706, 71012
Teak, 738
Telephone installation, 81112
Telescopic boom forklift truck, 182
Telescopic crane, 188
Temporary bench mark, 125, 1279
Temporary exclusion of water, 3036
Temporary services, 89
Tendons, 261, 526
Tenoning machine, 734
Test cubes, 109
Testing of materials, 10619
Textured surfaces, 614
Thatched roof, 446
Theodolite, 127, 131
Thermal break, 384
Thermal bridging, 479, 48890
Thermal conductivity, 468, 4704, 476
Thermal insulation, 46791
Thermal resistance, 4679, 4736
826
Thin grouted membranes, 307
Thinners, 730
Thirty minute fire door, 720
Three axle scraper, 172
Three centre arch, 359
Three pin portal frame, 549
Tile hanging/cladding, 41015
Tilting drum mixer, 199200
Tilting level, 129
Timber:
beam design, 6636
beam notching, 666
casement windows, 3689
connectors, 5756
doors, 3914, 3978, 7156, 718,
7203
flat roofs, 417, 44756
frame construction, 4045
girders, 572
grade markings, 113
hardwoods, 738
joinery production, 7348
pile foundation, 2367
pitched roofs, 416, 41830, 4338,
4401, 462
preservation, 122, 4634
sizes and finishes, 120
softwoods, 737
stairs, 68595
storage, 105
strength classes/properties, 11415
stud partition, 62931
trestle, 241
truss, 4245, 5736
visual strength grading/characteristics,
11619
Timbering trenches, 2823
Tooled surface, 614
Toothed plate connector, 424, 5756
Top shore, 155, 158
Towed scraper, 172
Tower cranes, 90, 186, 1936
Tower scaffold, 145
Track mounted crane, 190
Tractor shovel, 174
TRADA, 55, 113
Traditional strip foundation, 213, 224
Traditional underpinning, 2946
Translational dome, 9, 579
Translucent glass, 379
Transport vehicles, 1801
Transporting concrete, 198, 201
Traveller, 1268, 764
Travelling tower crane, 193, 196
Tree protection, 123, 210
Trees foundation damage, 2089Index
Tremie pipe, 231, 309
Trench fill foundation, 213, 224
Trench setting out, 126
Trench sheeting, 283, 2901
Trial pits, 734, 77
Triangle of forces, 249, 264
Triangular chart, 82
Triaxial compression test, 86
Triple glazing, 3856
Tripod rig, 789, 230
Truss out scaffold, 151
Trussed purlin, 426, 557
Trussed rafter roof, 425
Tubular scaffolding, 14052
Two axle scraper, 172
Two pin portal frame, 549
Two pipe heating, 785
Tying-in scaffolding, 144
U
U
U
U
U
U
value calculations, 46776
value limits, 478, 4834
value objectives, 4789, 4834
value targets, 478, 484
value weighted average, 4789, 484
values, 381, 383, 46776, 47880,
4834, 4867, 567
Unconfined compression test, 85
Undercoat, 731
Underlay, 430, 4338, 4401, 4445,
4534
Underpinning, 294301
Under-reaming, 233
Undersill cladding panels, 608
Undisturbed soil sample, 734, 77, 856
Universal beam, 533
Universal bearing pile, 240
Universal column, 533
Universal excavator, 175
Urea formaldehyde, 556, 741
Vacuum dewatering, 655
Valley beam, 570
Valley gutter, 440, 568, 570
Valley tiles, 431, 437
Valves and taps, 774
Vane test, 84
Vans, 180
Vapour check plasterboard, 433, 4356,
440, 448, 451, 459, 642
Vapour control layer, 405, 407, 433, 4356,
44851, 466, 5678
Vapour permeable underlay, 40910, 415,
430, 433
Vaults, 5802
Ventilated stack discharge system, 782
Ventilation of roof space, 430, 4336,
4401, 448, 451, 45961
Ventilation spacer, 4334, 4401, 485
Verge details, 41820, 438, 449
Vertical casting, 615
Vertical laminations, 554
Vertical tile hanging, 41015
Vestibule frame, 387
Vibrating tamping beam, 203
Vibration of soil, 31315
Vibro cast insitu piling, 244
Volume batching, 286
Walings, 2823
Walk-over syrvey, 72
Wall hooks, 155, 1578
Wall plates, 1558, 4229, 4335, 4401,
446, 448, 451, 462, 485, 649
Wall profiles, 623
Wallboard, 6412
Walls:
cavity, 33843, 4867
curtain, 6036
design strength, 3534
diaphragm, 2701, 30910, 343
fin, 342
formwork, 2557, 51920
glass block, 38990
infill panel, 5969
internal, 61929, 6802
openings, 35865
panelling, 736
remedial work, 661
retaining, 24864
rising dampness, 3469
slenderness ratio, 160, 355
solid block, 337, 622, 6246, 6802
solid brick, 32331, 6802
sound insulation, 6802
thermal insulation, 46871, 4745,
4789, 484, 4867
thickness, 3301, 353, 355
tiling, 41015, 6456
underpinning, 294300
waterproofing basements, 2726
Warm deck/roof, 436, 44850
Wash boring, 79
Water bar, 2737, 394
Water based paint, 730
Water/cement ratio, 272, 287
Water closet pan, 780
Water installations:
cisterns, 76972, 775, 780, 7846
cold, 76770
hot, 7702
pipe joints, 777
827Index
Water installations (continued)
supply, 7678
valves and taps, 774
Water jetting, 3046, 315
Water table, 70, 72, 80, 302
Water test, 765
Waterproofing basements, 2726
Weatherboarding, 410
Web cleats, 5378
Weep holes, 24854, 362, 365
Weight batching, 287
Weights of materials, 356
Welded connections, 53740
Wellpoint systems, 3056
Western hemlock, 737
Western red cedar, 737
Wet rot, 1212
Winchester cutting, 414
Windows:
aluminium casement, 384
bay, 376
double glazing, 369, 375, 3815
energy rating, 480
glass and glazing, 37988
high performance, 369
ironmongery, 371
metal casement, 370
notation, 378
828
oriel, 376
performance requirements, 366
pivot, 367, 375
schedules, 377
secondary glazing, 382
sliding sash, 3724
timber casement, 3689
triple glazing, 383, 3856
types, 367
uPVC, 386
Windsor probe test, 111
Wired glass, 379, 723
Wiring systems, 7956
Wood cement board, 740
Wood rot, 1212
Wood wool, 740
Woodworm, 4634
Woodworking machinery, 734
Working platform, 143
Wrought iron dogs, 154, 1567
Yokes, 518
Zed beam, 532, 565, 5678
Zero carbon home, 62
Zipper bond, 323
Zones, 48
Author: ROY CHUDLEY
Pages: 841
Issue By: Gyan Publication
Published: 2 years ago
Likes: 0